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1. How HIV is Transmitted?

Visit our page about how HIV is transmitted for more information.

2. Is HIV transmitted in the in the environment?

Find information about HIV transmission in the environment on our HIV is Not Easily Transmitted in the Environment page.

3. Is HIV transmitted in households?

Although HIV has been  transmitted between  family members in a household setting, this type of  transmission is very rare. Find more information about this on our HIV Transmission in Households page.

4. Can HIV be transmitted in businesses and other settings?

There is no known risk of  HIV transmission  to co-workers, clients or consumers from contact in industries  such as  food-service establishments. Find more information about this on the HIV Transmission in Businesses and Other Settings page.

5. Can HIV be transmitted by kissing?

Casual contact through closed-mouth or "social" kissing is not a risk for transmission of HIV. Because of the potential for contact with blood during "French" or open-mouth kissing, CDC recommends against engaging in this activity with a person known to be  infected. However, the risk of acquiring HIV during open-mouth kissing is  believed to be very low. CDC has investigated only one case of HIV infection that may be attributed to contact with blood during open-mouth kissing.

6. Can HIV be transmitted by biting?

In 1997, CDC published findings from a state health department investigation of an incident that suggested blood-to-blood transmission of HIV by a human bite. There have been other reports in the medical literature in which HIV appeared to have been transmitted by a bite. Severe trauma with extensive tissue tearing and damage and presence of blood were reported in each of these instances. Biting is not a common way of transmitting HIV. In fact, there are numerous reports of bites that did not result in HIV infection.

7. Can HIV be transmitted by way of saliva, tears and sweat?

HIV has been found in saliva and tears in very low quantities from some AIDS patients. It is important to understand that finding a small amount of HIV in a body fluid does not necessarily mean that HIV can be transmitted by that body fluid. HIV has not been recovered from the sweat of HIV-infected persons. Contact with saliva, tears or sweat has never been shown to result in transmission of HIV.

8. Do insects transmit HIV?

Find information about this on our Insects and HIV page.

9. How effective are condoms?

Find information about this on our Condom Effectiveness page.